The poppy genus (Papaver spp.) consists of flowering perennials characterized by short-lived, colorful flowers that have a distinct saucer or cup shape. Flowers, which bloom in mid-summer, are followed by attractive seed heads that can be used in flower arrangements. Seeds are frequently used in baking as a garnish.
Types
Also called bread poppy, the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) is an annual flower that boasts lobed leaves and densely petaled flowers that may be white, mauve, pink or red. Other types of poppies include the Oriental poppy (Papaver orientale), a variety characterized by bowl-shaped, bi-color flowers, and corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas), a bright-red variety that gets about 3 feet tall. Iceland poppy (Papaver nudicaule) is a short-lived perennial with wrinkled, saucer-shaped flowers.
Care
Plant poppies in a bright, sunny location. Plants grown in hot climates can benefit from some afternoon sun. Poppies aren't picky about soil type so long as it's at least moderately well draining. Water regularly during the growing season, particularly during summer drought. Mulch the soil in order to maintain soil temperature, suppress weeds and protect plants from winter chills. Powdery mildew may become a problem for plants grown in wet or shady conditions. Exact hardiness varies depending on species. Opium poppies do best in USDA zones 7 to 10, while Oriental poppies prefer zones 2 to 7.
Propagation
Poppies can be propagated by seeds, root division or root cuttings. Seeds take between 10 to 15 days to germinate, and may be started indoors or sown directly in the garden. Seeds require require light and a temperature of at least 55 degrees. Plants may be divided in September. Divided or transplanted poppies can take several years to begin growing again in the garden. Two-inch root cuttings can be put directly in the soil.
Warning
Poppy seeds are edible, and commonly enjoyed as a crunchy texture on bread and other baked goods. Regardless, they contain small amounts of alkaloids that may show up as a false positive for opiates during a drug test. The rest of the plant is highly toxic, and should never be ingested. Keep the plant away from children and pets.
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